2022年政府工作报告（4）｜翻译解析及短语归纳

诺哈网2023-08-14 09:46:060阅

经济增速预期目标的设定，主要考虑稳就业保民生防风险的需要，并同近两年平均经济增速以及“十四五”规划目标要求相衔接。这是高基数上的中高速增长，体现了主动作为，需要付出艰苦努力才能实现。

The above economic growth target is based mainly on the need to maintain stable employment, meet basic living needs, and guard against risks. This target is also in keeping with the average growth rates of the last two years and the goals of the 14th Five-Year Plan. It represents a medium-high rate of growth given our large economic aggregate, and demonstrates our ability to move proactively. But achieving this goal will require arduous efforts.

翻译解析及短语归纳

1. 经济增速预期目标的设定，主要考虑稳就业保民生防风险的需要，并同近两年平均经济增速以及“十四五”规划目标要求相衔接。

（1）“...的设定”属于修饰成分，可以处理为一个定从“…target that we set”,或者删除不译（不影响语意理解）。另外，“mainly”在“based”前后位置不同，意思也稍有不同：“在前”表示“总体看，主要考虑…需要”；“在后”强调“某种主要需求”。

（2）稳就业maintain stable employment / stabilize employment；保民生meet basic living needs /ensure living standards；防风险guard against/fend off /stave off/ward off /forestall risks

（3）同…相衔接 be in keeping with…；be aligned with（或者“与…对接”）

2. 这是高基数上的中高速增长，体现了主动作为，需要付出艰苦努力才能实现。

It represents a medium-high rate of growth given our large economic aggregate, and demonstrates our ability to move proactively. But achieving this goal will require arduous efforts.

（1）高基数上的…增长：可以直译为“growth on a high base”,但用在此处会造成信息模糊，即“多高的基数”？因此官方将“高基数”具体化处理，即“中国庞大的经济总量”这个“高基数”。

（2）体现了主动作为 demonstrate one’s ability to move proactively

（3）需要付出艰苦努力才能实现：倒序处理，即“实现这个目标需要付出艰苦的努力”。

完成今年发展目标任务，宏观政策要稳健有效，微观政策要持续激发市场主体活力，结构政策要着力畅通国民经济循环，科技政策要扎实落地，改革开放政策要激活发展动力，区域政策要增强发展的平衡性协调性，社会政策要兜住兜牢民生底线。各方面要围绕贯彻这些重大政策和要求，细化实化具体举措，形成推动发展的合力。

To fulfill the development goals and tasks for the year, we should pursue prudent and effective macro policies, micro policies that can continuously energize market entities, and structural policies that facilitate smooth flows in the economy. Science and technology policies should be fully implemented, reform and opening up policies should lend impetus to development, regional policies should ensure more balanced and coordinated development, and social policies should meet basic living needs. All of us involved must adopt detailed and effective measures to meet these major policy requirements and create synergy for driving growth.

3.本段用七个相同句式结构“政策要…”来说明完成目标任务的“政策要求”。官方相应的处理方法分为两种：“增主定从”和“顺句驱动单独成句”。

4.完成今年发展目标任务，宏观政策要稳健有效，微观政策要持续激发市场主体活力，结构政策要着力畅通国民经济循环

To fulfill/accomplish the development goals and tasks for the year, we should pursue prudent and effective macro policies, micro policies that can continuously energize market entities, and structural policies that facilitate smooth flows in the economy.

（1）增译主语“we”和谓动“pursue”，分句1处理为目的状语，分句2-4处理为带有定语从句的宾语。

（2）稳健有效prudent and effective；激发市场主体活力 energize market entities

（3）着力畅通国民经济循环 facilitate smooth flows/circulation in the economy（To facilitate an action or process, especially one that you would like to happen, means to make it easier or more likely to happen. 促进；促使）

注：“着力”有时也会处理为“strive to do sth; focus on doing sth”,有时也会删除不译，比如本句。

国民经济 national economy

5.科技政策要扎实落地，改革开放政策要激活发展动力，区域政策要增强发展的平衡性协调性，社会政策要兜住兜牢民生底线。

Science and technology policies should be fully implemented, reform and opening up policies should lend impetus to development, regional policies should ensure more balanced and coordinated development, and social policies should meet basic living needs.

（1）各分句独立成句且为并列关系。

(2)科技政策 science and technology policies；政策扎实落地=政策全面实施 policies are fully implemented；激活发展动力=推动/促进发展 lend / give impetus to development

（3）区域政策要增强发展的平衡性协调性：增加“谓动ensure”，并将原谓语动词“增强”处理为“比较级more”。

(4)兜住兜牢民生底线meet basic living needs

6.各方面要围绕贯彻这些重大政策和要求，细化实化具体举措，形成推动发展的合力。

All of us involved must adopt detailed and effective measures to meet these major policy requirements and create synergy for driving growth.

（1）处理本句需先明确各分句间的逻辑关系：“围绕贯彻…政策和要求”与“形成…合力”是“细化实化…举措”的“目的”。

（2）各方面：从其后所接内容来看，这里不能直译处理，应该处理为有生命的代词或名词：“我们所有参与者all of us involved”。

（3）重大政策和要求：从语境来看，本段描述了对各项“政策”不同的要求，所以这里的“政策和要求”就是指“政策要求”。

（4）围绕贯彻…要求：“围绕做…”，一般情况下会将这种结构处理为目的状语，“围绕”删除不译。“贯彻要求=满足要求meet requirements”

（5）细化实化具体措施adopt detailed and effective measures ：“细化实化”采取“动转形”处理方法；“细化=具体”；“实化措施”可理解为“使措施有效”

（6）形成推动发展的合力create synergy for driving growth